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The injection molding machine is mainly composed of five parts: injection system, mold closing system, hydraulic system, electrical control system, and heating/cooling system. Each part has its own special function. Any problem in any part will cause the injection molding machine to fail to work normally. Now let's take a look at the specific functions of each part of the injection molding machine.
(1) Injection system
Effect of the injection system: The injection system is one of the most important components of the injection molding machine. Generally, there are three main methods: plunger type, screw type and screw pre plastic plunger type. Screw type is now most widely used. The effect is that in a cycle of the injection molding machine, a certain amount of plastic can be heated and plasticized at a specified time, and then the molten plastic can be injected into the mold cavity through the screw under a certain pressure and speed. After injection, the molten material injected into the mold cavity shall be firmly shaped.
Composition of injection system: The injection system consists of plasticizing equipment and power transmission equipment. The plasticizing equipment of screw injection molding machine is mainly composed of feeding equipment, barrel, screw and nozzle. The power transmission equipment includes injection oil cylinder, injection base moving oil cylinder and screw drive equipment (glue motor).
(2) Mold closing system
The effect of the clamping system: The effect of the clamping system is to ensure that the mold is closed, open and ejected. At the same time, after the mold is closed, provide a satisfactory clamping force for the mold to resist the mold cavity pressure caused by the molten plastic entering the mold cavity, and avoid the mold opening, resulting in the poor status of the products. Composition of mold closing system: The mold closing system is mainly composed of mold closing equipment, mold adjustment organization, ejection organization, front and rear fixed templates, mobile templates, mold closing oil cylinder and safety maintenance organization.
(3) Hydraulic system
The effect of the hydraulic transmission system is to complete the power supply of the injection molding machine according to various actions required by the process, and satisfy the requirements of the pressure, speed, temperature, etc. required by each part of the injection molding machine. It is mainly composed of various hydraulic components and hydraulic auxiliary components, in which the oil pump and motor are the power source of the injection molding machine. Various valves operate and control the oil pressure and flow, and then satisfy the requirements of the injection molding process.
(4) Electrical control system
The electrical control system and the hydraulic system can reasonably cooperate to complete the process requirements (pressure, temperature, speed, time) and various program actions of the injection machine. It is mainly composed of electrical appliances, electronic components, external surfaces, heaters, sensors, etc. Generally, there are four control methods: manual, semi-automatic, full-automatic and adjustment.
(5) Heating/cooling system
The heating system is used to heat the barrel and the injection nozzle. The barrel of the injection molding machine generally uses an electric heating coil as the heating equipment, which is installed outside the barrel, and is detected in sections with thermocouples. The heat is conducted through the cylinder wall to provide heat source for material plasticization; The cooling system is mainly used to cool the oil temperature. Too high oil temperature will cause a variety of faults, so it is necessary to control the oil temperature. The other position to be cooled is adjacent to the blanking opening of the material pipe to prevent the material from melting at the blanking opening, which may cause the material to not be cut normally.
The above are the basic functions of the five parts of the injection molding machine and the matters needing attention when using the injection molding machine. When using the injection molding machine, you must pay attention to the use method to avoid accidents and failures caused by improper operation.